Team+Persuasion+(Privacy+Rights+for+Celebrities)

 Butkowski, Jason. __BUONO BILL TO STRENGTHEN PROTECTIONS FOR VICTIMS OF STALKING SIGNED__. March 24, 2009 PolitickerNJ. April 3, 2009 []. 1. The victims of stalking often suffer from fear, anxiety, and emotional distress long after their stalker has been apprehended. (TDS) 2. S-1106 is the new law that states a person is guilty of stalking if they knowingly make a person fear their own safety or the safety of a third person. (TDS) 3. The bill was approved unanimously by the Senate in December. (TDS) 4. Under the previous stalking laws police could not step into protect a stalking victim. (TDS) 5. With this new law, police will now have the authority to get involved before harassment. (TDS)

Russell, Michael. __Celebrities - Privacy Vs. Publicity__. 2009 Ezine Articles. April 3, 2009 [].

6. Some celebrities have been assaulted, even killed just because they are celebrities. (ET) 7. Celebrities are not like regular people, they are constantly in the public eye. (ET) 8. Everyone says they are also just people, and should have the same rights as others. No one necessarily follows a carpenter just because that is what he is. (ET) 9. Some kind of law that says what’s reasonable and unreasonable according to how much “space” a celebrity should be given when not “working”. (ET)

Nordhaus, Jamie. __Celebrities' Rights To Privacy__.6 April 2009 []

10. Paparazzi are people who take candid pictures of celebrities for publication. (KM) 11. Paparazzi are known in the public eye as annoying, persistent photographers, stalk their celebrity victims, and go to any length to get the shot they desire. (KM) 12. Media attention results in a complete loss of privacy for many celebrities. (KM) 13. There’s a difficulty in prosecution of the paparazzi because their work generally occurs in public places where the right to privacy is greatly limited. (KM) 14. The courts have recognized a constitutional right to privacy, the right “to be left alone”. (ET) 15. It is protection against intrusion into solitude, public disclosure of private facts, and depiction in a false light. (ET)

CRF, Staff. __The Challenge of Information: Celebrities And Privacy__. October 28, 2005 CRF Forum. April 6, 2009 []. 16. Magazines, newspapers, and television programs go well beyond providing basic fan information. (TDS) 17. Stars often complain about photographers hounding them and about seeing their intimate secrets published in the media. (TDS) 18. People can sue if the media reveal highly offensive secrets about them. (TDS) 19. Because the First Amendment provides for freedom of the press, the media cannot be prevented from revealing newsworthy items. (TDS) 20. People can also sue if someone intrudes into their private space in a highly offensive manner. (TDS) 21. Many celebrities call for new laws: Against photographers with high-powered lenses taking pictures of private property without permission. (TDS) 22. Senators Orrin Hatch (R-Utah) and Dianne Feinstein (D-California) have proposed a federal law against celebrity photographers who "persistently follow or chase" a subject. (TDS)

Liptak, Adam. "Privacy Rights, Fair Trials, Celebrities and the Press." __The New York Times__ 23 7 2004. NYTimes. 23 7 2004. April 6, 2009 [].

23. Colorado Supreme Court forbade news organizations to publish information from a transcript mistakenly e-mailed to them, that ruling was a bold one, legal experts say, and at odds with United States Supreme Court decisions. (ET) 24. Santa Barbara County Superior Court issued orders barring the release of essentially all information concerning evidence and potential witnesses' identities. That, too, is an unusually sweeping approach. (ET)

Hilden, Julie. __Does Celebrity Destroy Privacy?__. April 2, 2002 FindLaw. April 6, 2009 []

25. In addition, the First Amendment limits how successful a privacy action can be, by protecting disclosure of information that, while arguably private, is also deemed newsworthy. (ET) 26. Yet despite difference between the British and American legal systems, it raises an important and highly debatable issue that recurs in the U.S., too: Does a celebrity have any privacy left to protect? (ET) 27. Accordingly, it presents difficult questions as to which aspects of the celebrities’ lives are truly private, and which should be public knowledge. (ET) 28. Most Celebrities are photographed on the street - where anyone could freely view them. (ET) 29. Two basic theories are used to justify the exposure of celebrity privacy. One is the "waiver theory" - which holds that celebrities have given up their privacy by choosing to appear in the public eye. The other one is the "hypocrisy theory." It holds that celebrities who in their statements to the public have lied about, or deceptively omitted, a private fact about themselves, cannot then complain when the truth becomes known. (ET) 30. It seems somewhat unfair to say that because a person's gift lies in acting, basketball, or singing, rather than, for example, engineering, architecture, or computer science, that he or she has somehow "chosen" to give up all of his or her privacy. (ET) 31. For most celebrities, loss of privacy hurts anew every time. And even if it does not, the mere fact that someone may become inured to past invasions of privacy provides little, if any, justification for allowing a new invasion to occur. (ET) 32. It seems likely that personality type, rather than profession or experience, may often be the best determinant of how painful and damaging a privacy breach will be to a person. (ET) 33. Suppose, for example, that a celebrity who has never claimed to be a paragon of virtue issues a false denial when allegations about their private life are made. We shouldn’t be able to say that that false denial was a good reason for the media to print private facts about them. (ET) 34. Many "no comments" would, most often, raise more and more invasive, questions. They tend to draw media focus to the celebrity's refusal to deny. (ET) 35. When taking photographs, if you hire someone to take photographs of you at an event or something, then those photographs belong to you, but if some person just happens to get a photograph of you, they still own it and can do whatever. (ET)

__Celebrity Privacy__. 2009 Privacy. April 7, 2009 [].

36. Thomas Nagel, professor of philosophy and law at New York University, made a plea for the protection of presidential privacy. (KM) 37. United Kingdom, the death of Diana, Princess of Wales, in 1997 was regarded by many as due in part to media intrusion. (ET) 38. Claim for damages by the film stars Catherine Zeta-Jones and Michael Douglas against //Hello!// Magazine in 2003. The prosecution claimed that their right to privacy had been breached by the magazine's unauthorized publication of photographs from their wedding. (ET) 39. The judge ruled was a breach of confidence, since the couple had granted publication rights to another publisher. (KM) 40. Many British newspapers described the issue as one of control rather than privacy. (KM)

Weeks, Janet. "Celebrities Turning Heat Up On Paparazzi." __The Free library__. 1997. Daily News. 7 April 2009 []. 41. It will be difficult to target laws specifically against paparazzi. (TDS) 42. There's a whole new set of paparazzi motivated by big bucks. (TDS) 43. Paparazzi have to follow all laws. If they trespass, if they invade someone's privacy, if they commit an assault - they're liable under existing law. (TDS) 44. Celebrities who expressed outrage Sunday and predicted more tragedies if excesses continue. (TDS) 45. The paparazzi, supported by the tabloids' [|animalistic] behavior, has become acceptable in modern society, this practice, if continued, will accelerate tragedies. (TDS) 46. Nothing is going to happen until somebody gets killed, and it's only a matter of time until someone does. (TDS)

NME. "Kanye West Slams Paparazzi After Arrest." __NME__ 16 11 2008: __NME.com__. 16 11 2008: 7 April 2009 [].

47. [|Kanye West] asked for a law to protect celebrities from paparazzo's intrusions. (KM) 48. When will there be a law passed that simply enforces that someone has to ask to take a photograph of you? That would seem like common courtesy. Right now the paps are above the law and the people they shoot are below it. (KM) 49. Here's what happened...when I left the club, I was encountered by a thirsty paparazzi as usual. He felt he had more rights to my space than me, so I put my hand up to prevent him from taking my image. I didn't assault him but merely putting my hand up to cover his lens. My security yelled, 'get the camera off him'. I guess in all the commotion the camera scraped his nose. (KM)

__Privacy Rights Litigation__. 2008 FERGUS a law office. April 7, 2009 [].

50. Permission for the reproduction of photographs, movie stills, or other depictions of a deceased celebrity requires permission from the person or corporation who owns the rights to them. (TDS) 51. The Fergus law office enters into litigation against companies and individuals who violate the privacy rights of celebrities. (TDS) 52. Unauthorized reproduction of a celebrity's image on t-shirts, posters, goods, or advertisements. (TDS) 53. Falsely claiming a celebrity endorsement for a product or event that a celebrity in fact never endorsed. (TDS) 54. Unauthorized use of a celebrity's voice. (TDS) 55. Using the iconic nature of a famous photograph or pose for advertisements or merchandise (for example, imitating the raising of the flag on Iwo Jima or posing a model to imitate one of Marilyn Monroe's famous photographs.) (TDS) 56. Musical acts or "tribute bands" that market themselves as famous recording artists. (TDS) 57. Pretending to be, or passing one's self off as a celebrity in order to promote merchandise, store openings, or other events.) -If done illegally, these acts are in violation of celebrity privacy rights. (TDS) 58. The Fergus law office enters into litigation against companies and individuals who violate the privacy rights of celebrities. (TDS) 59. The use of celebrity persona for satirical purposes falls outside the celebrity right to privacy. (TDS) 60. Any attempt to use celebrity status for economic gain requires permission from the celebrity themselves. (TDS) 61. When an entertainer builds an acting business or career around impersonating a celebrity, he or she is making commercial use of the celebrity's persona. (TDS)

Vanessa, Jones. __The Secret Lives of Celebrities__. 14 March 2009 The Boston Globe. 12 April 2009 [].

62. Camera phones and tiny digital video cameras have made it easy to capture images of celebrities at intimate moments. (ET) 63. With the new technology has come a dramatic growth of gossip blogs. (ET) 64. Stars such as Paris Hilton, Britney Spears, and Lindsay Lohan feed the gossip beast by making appearances at places they know paparazzi congregate or going so far as to alert the paps to their whereabouts. (ET) 65. A growing number of celebrities are trying to keep their personal business to themselves. (ET)

66. Most paparazzi ignore the law and pay only a minor fine if they get caught. This fine is easily covered by the money they make from the photographs they manage to keep, make safety zones for celebrities who, if invaded, will yield major penalties. (TDS)

Schwartz, David. __Top Seven Celebrity vs. Paparazzi Fights__. 14 April 2008 Heckler Spray. 12 April 2009 []. 67. Celebrities get away with hitting the people who irritate them like reporters and photographers. Why? Everyone hates nasty paparazzi almost as much as celebrities do. Do we cry if a reporter gets punched? No. (ET) 68. Avril Lavigne has her own way of dealing with the pesky paparazzi, she spits on them. (ET) 69. Britney decided to take all her frustrations out on a photographer’s Ford Explorer. (ET) 70. Vinnie Jones decided to take out his anger on //Mirror// reporter Ted Oliver in 1997. Oliver was at a hotel trying to find out information, but Jones walked in and decided to bite Ted’s nose. Blood streaming from his wound, the reporter responded to cries of ‘get a doctor’ by instead saying ‘no, get me a photographer’. (ET) 71. Back in 2003, Chris Martin was arrested in Australia after a photographer spotted Martin smashing his car windscreen. The charges were later dropped. Martin attacked a snapper outside a New York hospital earlier in 2008 too. (ET) 72. Having beaten up a reporter at Bangkok airport back in 1996, Bjork, the singer, had another bout of air rage earlier in 2008 when she launched herself at a snapper in a New Zealand airport. (ET) 73. “//I still think photographers should be lashed out at. The paparazzi really are on the attack against mankind; it’s a disease.”//// Sean Penn said. // You’ve got to feel sorry for any paparazzi that have been told to trail Sean Penn. The fiery actor is so well known for his brawls with photographers and reporters alike. (ET) 74. ** Being a celebrity isn’t all bad, you know. Sure you are hounded by an insatiable media hell-bent on knowing your every move, but, then again, you get lots of free stuff. You see, it all evens itself out. (ET) **

Harlow, John. __'Britney Law' to give celebrities a safety bubble__. 10 February 2008 Times Online. 12 April 2009 []. 75. When is a Hollywood celebrity big enough to require special legal protection not available to little people? That is the question facing the city of Los Angeles, whose officials are debating the implementation of a 20-yard “personal safety bubble”, to be created around celebrities deemed “paparazzi targets” when moving around the city. The initiative was proposed last week by Dennis Zine, an influential politician. (KM) 76. “The Britney Spears case, with police cars and helicopters all becoming involved was insane. Such clashes have become a hazard to both celebrities and ordinary people,” Zine said. (KM) 77. Many celebrities pretend to be ambushed at nightclubs by photographers, who have in fact been tipped off by their press agents. (KM) 78. This law would be the world’s toughest antipaparazzi statute, seeking to confiscate all profits from a photograph taken without signed consent within the “bubble of safety” around a star. (KM) 79. Brittany Spears accounts for a third of the business of one leading agency, X17. Another, British-owned agency, Splash News, earned £100,000 for one snap of her. Paparazzi get a lot of business from just finding out news. (KM) 80. Los Angeles is experiencing a paparazzi gold rush. With the boom in internet gossip sites, tabloid television and a host of star-oriented magazines over the past five years, the number of freelance photographers has risen from a few dozen to hundreds. (KM) 81. “We would like to pull away from Spears - __we do not want to be responsible for a Diana-like tragedy__ - but every time we put her on the cover our sales leap,” said one magazine editor. (KM)  82. This will help young stars such as Miley Cyrus, not to be inflicted with the paparazzi everywhere she goes, and maybe help future mental illnesses. (KM) 83. If the paparazzi would just stay in their cars, that would be a good start to keeping the roads safe. The cars swarm around celebrities and they all jump out in the middle of the street. (KM)

CNN, __Why Paparazzi are Wrong__. 13 May 2006 Channel CNNAccess. 13 April 2009 []. 

84. Ken Sunshine, a publicist who represents Hollywood stars Ben Affleck, Justin Timberlake and Leonardo DiCaprio, says the paparazzi obsession with his clients is out of control and "It's got to stop."  (KM) 85. Somebody's going to get seriously injured or killed. Can you imagine driving up or down the Hollywood Hills and having a team of desperate lunatics, one behind you, one in front of you, who are cutting you off purposely, playing chicken on the Hollywood Hills? It's dangerous. (KM) 86. Lindsay Lohan almost did get killed by some lunatic that purposely rammed her car. I mean, what kind of behavior is that? (KM) 87. I think that the lack of respect for any degree of privacy that nobody in the public would want to tolerate in terms of the behavior of photographers, the behavior of press people ... those basic journalistic standards, is something that society should be reacting against. (KM) 88. There are some obvious examples out there of celebrities who crave that attention, that want to be covered. That's their right, go for it. And these paparazzis can make as much money if they want. But there are a lot of celebrities that don't. (KM) 89. You're dealing with very personal parts of people's lives, where I think there ought to be some right to privacy at some level, particularly if it involves children. (KM) 90. “There's something weird about somebody whose livelihood involves hiding in bathroom stalls. There's something weird about somebody whose living involves causing a ruckus at a shopping mall.” Sunshine’s thoughts on paparazzi. (KM)